�
�Decree No.
200/97: A Prohibition on Human Cloning Research� (7 March 1997).
����������� http://infoleg.mecon.gov.ar/txtnorma/42213.htm (in Spanish)
Article 1: �experiments concerning
cloning of human cells in order to generate human beings are hereby
prohibited.� (Author�s
translation)
At the regional level three
provinces have enacted laws prohibiting cloning experiments involving human
beings and human reproductive cloning procedures:
�
Law No. 712
on Genetic Heritage Safeguards (regional),
�
Law No.
6581
�
Law No.
9072
�
�Law No.
8974 on genetically modified organisms� (1995)
����������� http://www.mct.gov.br/legis/leis/8974_95.htm (in Portuguese)
����������� http://www.camara.gov.br/internet/agencia/materias.asp?pk=45234 (in Portuguese)
Article 8 of the law prohibits genetic
manipulation of the human germline as well as
intervention on human genetic material in
vivo, with the exception of the treatment of genetic defects which respect
ethical principles, such as autonomy and beneficence, and are receive approval
from the National Technical Committee on Biosafety - CTNBio.
This article also prohibits the creation,
banking and manipulation of human embryos destined to be used as biological
material.
Article 13 establishes criminal sanctions
(imprisonment for up to twenty years) for violations of the prohibitions
contained in Article 8.
After
a thorough analysis of Law No. 8974 of 5 January 1995 on the Use of Techniques
of Genetic Engineering, the Brazilian Biosafety
Technical Commission of the Ministry for Science and Technology concluded that
the present legislation can be applied to ban human cloning.
�
�
Criminal
Code (24 July 2000). http://www.derechos.org/nizkor/colombia/doc/penal.html
(in Spanish)
The
criminal code prohibits �the fertilization of a human ovum with intent other
than procreation� and �genetic manipulation for the purpose of the reproductive
cloning of a human being,� although it allows �the fertilization of human ova
for research and diagnostic purposes if they have a therapeutic goal.� (Author�s translation)
�
�Law No.
26842, General Health Law� (9 July 1997). http://www.bioetica.org/perusalud.htm
Art. 7: �the fertilization of a
human ovum with intent other than procreation is prohibited, as is human
cloning.� (Author�s translation)
�
�Law No.
27636, Criminal Code: Genetic Manipulation� (16 January 2002). ����������� http://www.devida.gob.pe/documentacion/Decreto%20Legislativo%20635-CODIGO%20PENAL.doc
Genetic manipulation for the
purpose of cloning a human being is prohibited. Violating
this prohibition results in imprisonment.